The clinical and public health importance of any single mutation, or combination of mutations cannot be determined from sequence data alone. Amino acid replacement, insertion and deletion counts for all SARS-CoV-2 genes in the global GISAID database can be found here. ДЄ report of the geographic distribution and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 lineages in general, and global variants of interest, can be found here. The analysis described in this report is based on 2,749,309 UK-derived genomes after dedeuplication, sequenced by COG-UK: complete data in the MRC-CLIMB database to, with the latest sequence from. mutations in T cell epitopes as indicated by experimental studies (Antigenic Information: T Cell Epitopes).mutations of potential antigenic significance as indicated by experimental studies: shown to lead to weaker neutralisation of the virus by convalescent plasma from people who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 and/or demonstrated escape from some monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that may be given to patients with COVID-19 (Antigenic Information: Antibody Sites).frequency plots for mutations at specific residue in SARS-CoV-2 ORFs (Mutation Visualiser).heatmap of antigenic mutations accumumulating on top of lineage-defining mutations of VOC/VUI.high frequency individual amino acid replacements, a subset of which may be important.the designated global variants of concern and their structural contexts.We focus on SARS-CoV-2 spike gene mutations of potential or known importance based on epidemiological, clinical and/or experimental observations. The COG-UK/Mutation Explorer (COG-UK/ME) provides information and structural context on mutations and associated variants in the genes encoding SARS-COV-2 proteins that have been identified from sequence data generated by the COVID-19 Genomics (COG-UK) Consortium. Which is in turn based upon a partial cryo-EM structure (RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB) ID: Visualisations are made using the ectodomain of a complete spike model (Woo et al., 2020) Substitution D614G which is shared by common descent by all lineage B.1 descendants is Opaque-surface spheres coloured in red (where they are labelled), blue and gold. (ins) which distinguish each VOC from the original genotype (Wuhan-Hu-1), are highlighted as On each chain, the locations of amino acid substitutions, deletions (О”), and insertions Spike is shown in its 'open' conformation in which the receptor-binding domain of the tealД¬hain is 'up' exposing the binding site that recognises the human ACE2 receptor. Primary target for antibodies that recognise the virus.Д®ach spike consists of three identical protein chains (shown in teal, blue and gold). Virus, is responsible for initating binding to and entry into host cells, and is also the The spike protein protrudes from the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein structures showing locations of amino acid residues that are mutated in each

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